EUROPE'S COASTLINE

Europe is made up of many peninsulas, thousands of islands, capes, fjords and rias.
The main southern peninsulas are the Iberian Peninsula, the Italian Peninsula, the Balkan Peninsula, the Peloponnese Peninsula and the Crimean Peninsula. In the north, the Scandinavian Peninsula.
Some of Europe's islands are countries: Iceland, Ireland, Cyprus and Malta. Others are part of countries: Balearic Islands and the Canary Islands in Spain and the Azores and Madira in Portugal. Greenland (Denmark) is Europe's largest island.

Capes are large areas of land which protrude into the sea. Some of the important capes in Europe are Capes San Vicente and Roca in Portugal, Fisterra and Cabo de Gata in Spain, North Cape in Norway, Cape Matapan in Greece and Land's End in the United Kingdom.

Fjords are inlets in the coast formed by glaciers. The coasts of Norway and Greenland have many fjords.

Rias are river valleys flooded by rising sea levels. The best-known rias are on the coast of Galicia.

 

EUROPE'S RELIEF

The Alps are the most important mountain range in Europe.
They cover Austria, Slovenia, Switzerland, Lichtenstein, Germany, France, Italy, and Monaco.
Its highest mountain is Mont Blanc, at 4.810 m.

The Pyrenees form a natural border between France and Spain.

The Urals form a natural border between Europe and Asia. At 2.400 km they are Europe's longest mountain range.

The Caucasus, between the Black Sea and the Caspian sea, includes Mount Elbus, the highest mountain in Europe (5.642 m high).

The Apennines run down the middle of the Italian Peninsula.

The Carpathian Mountains are the second longest mountain range in Europe.

The Scandinavian Mountains is a mountain range that runs through the Scandinavian Peninsula.

EUROPE'S RIVERS AND LAKES

There are hundreds of rivers and tributaries in Europe.
The biggest are navigable rivers.
Rivers which flow into the Arctic Ocean: (completely frozen in winter)

• Pechora.
• Dvina.

Rivers which flow into the North Sea:

• Thames.
• Elbe.
• Rhine.

Rivers which flow into the Baltic Sea:

• Oder.
• Vistula.

Rivers which flow into the Atlantic Ocean: (with a high volume of water because of rainfall)

• Loire.
• Seine.

Rivers that flow into the Black Sea:

• Danube (Europe's second longest river).
• Dnieper.
• Don.

Rivers that flow into the Caspian Sea:

• Volga (Europe's longest river, 3.690 km long).
• Ural (It's often frozen in winter).

Rivers that flow into the Mediterranean Sea:

• Ebro.
• Rhone.
• Po.
• Tiber. 

When water collects in a basin, or depression, it forms a lake. Lakes are usually fed by rivers which flow into them but they also receive rainfall.
Lake Ladoga is the biggest lake in Europe.
Other important lake is Lake Constance.

EUROPE'S COUNTRIES AND CAPITAL CITIES

Here you have a list of Europe's countries, and their capital cities: (if you click on the names you'll find where the country is on the map).

Albania (Tirana);
Alemania (Berlín);
Andorra (Andorra La Vieja);
Austria (Viena);
Bélgica (Bruselas);
Bielorrusia (Minsk);
Bosnia-Herzegóvina (Sarajevo);
Bulgaria (Sofía);
Ciudad del Vaticano (Ciudad del Vaticano);
Croacia (Zagreb);
Chipre (Nicosia);
Dinamarca (Copenhague);
Eslovaquia (Bratislava);
Eslovenia (Liubliana);
España (Madrid);
Estonia (Tallín);
Finlandia (Helsinki);
Francia (París);
Georgia (Tiflis);
Grecia (Atenas);
Holanda (Amsterdam);
Hungría (Budapest);
Irlanda (Dublín);
Islandia (Reikiavik);
Italia (Roma);
Letonia (Riga);
Liechtenstein (Vaduz);
Lituania (Vilna);
Luxemburgo (Luxemburgo);
Macedonia (Skopie);
Malta (La Valeta);
Moldavia (Chisinau);
Mónaco (Mónaco);
Montenegro (Podgorica);
Noruega (Oslo);
Polonia (Varsovia);
Portugal (Lisboa);
Reino Unido (Londres);
República Checa (Praga);
Rumania (Bucarest);
Rusia (Moscú);
San Marino (San Marino);
Serbia (Belgrado);
Suecia (Estocolmo);
Suiza (Berna);
Turquía (Ankara);
Ucrania (Kiev).

And if you click on this image you'll play and learn the European capitals:

EUROPE

Europe is the world's second-smallest continent after Oceania.
In the west Europe reaches the Atlantic Ocean.
In the east Europe is separated from Asia by the Urals and the Caspian Sea.
Europe stretches from the Arctic Sea in the north to the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea in the south.
47 countries make up the European continent. 28 of these form the European Union (EU).
Europe has different time zones:

• Greenwich Mean Time (GMT): United Kingdom, Ireland and Portugal.
• Central European Time (CET): central European countries. (GMT + 1 hour).
• Eastern European Time (EET): (GMT + 2 hours).
• Moscow Standard Time (MST): (GMT + 3 hours).

 And clicking on this map you'll play and learn where the European countries are: