HOW HAVE ART AND CULTURE DEVELOPED IN SPAIN IN THE 20TH CENTURY?

Spain has produced some of the most famous artists of this period.
Cubism and Surrealism were artistic movements that developed in the first half of the 20th century.
Cubism used geometric shapes to represent people and things.
Pablo Picasso was one of the inventors of Cubism. His painting Guernica is a good example.

Picasso. By Revista Vea y Lea (cuadrado por Juan Pablo Arancibia Medina) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Guernica. Photo by jmussuto, via Bethany Lutheran College.

Surrealism represented imaginary scenes and fantasies. Salvador Dalí (The persistence of memory)

Salvador Dalí. By Roger Higgins, World Telegram staff photographer [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

The persistence of memory. Via Wikipedia

 and Joan Miró (Harlequin's carnival)

Joan Miró (1935). Photo by Carl Van Vechten [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

The Harlequin's Carnival. Photo from Wikipedia.

were important Surrealist artists.
Abstract art developed in the second half of the 20th century. It represented ideas rather than reality.
Eduardo Chillida was an important abstract sculptor (Eulogy to the Horizon).

Eduardo Chillida. Photo from Wikipedia.

By Roberto Sueiras Revuelta. (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) or CC BY-SA 2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5-2.0-1.0)], via Wikimedia Commons

The Generation of '27 was a group of poets who experimented with new styles of poetry and artistic expression.

The Generation of '27. Photo from https://kbenglishhlg.wikispaces.com/Generation+27

The group included Miguel Hernandez and Federico García Lorca. The Civil War split the group: García Lorca was killed by the Nationalists and Miguel Hernández died in prison.

Federico García Lorca. See page for author [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

Miguel Hernández. See page for author [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons